IEEE DCOSS-IoT 2026
Paper #157
PaumIoT: Protocol-Agnostic Universal Middleware for IoT
An IoT middleware system written in C99 that lets devices on a single network port talk over MQTT, CoAP, HTTP, or QUIC - whichever protocol fits the conditions best. It picks the right protocol at runtime using a decision tree distilled from a cloud-trained neural network, so even constrained hardware can make smart choices without a cloud call.
PaumIoT is built around a few core ideas:
Unified Protocol Gateway: One network port handles all four protocols. Byte-level packet inspection figures out which protocol each incoming packet uses, no config needed on the device side.
Protocol-Agnostic Message Model: Internally, all messages use the same format - UUID, ISO 8601 timestamp, binary payload, QoS level - regardless of which protocol delivered them.
Edge Intelligence for Protocol Selection: A distilled decision tree (about 2KB) runs directly on the device and picks protocols using a LinUCB contextual bandit. Decision latency is under 100μs, making it practical on ESP32 and similar hardware.
PRIoTP (Priority-Aware Reliable IoT Protocol): A custom protocol built into the system that balances message delivery guarantees against bandwidth and power limits.
Hardware tested on ESP32 and Linux-based edge devices with a minimal memory footprint.